Survival outcomes of antiretroviral therapy in HIV/AIDS patients at Bach Mai Hospital from 2009-2021

ABSTRACT

Objectives: To assess survival outcomes and identify predictors of mortality among HIV/AIDS patients receiving antiretroviral therapy at Bach Mai Hospital, Vietnam, from 2009 to 2021.

Participants and Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed data from 1,369 HIV/AIDS patients who initiated ART at Bach Mai Hospital between 2009 and 2021. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier methods and Cox proportional hazards regression. Primary outcome was all-cause mortality. Predictors of mortality were identified using multivariable Cox regression analysis.

Results: Among 1,369 patients, 890 (65.0%) were male with a median age of 32.9 years at first visit. The median follow-up duration was 8.7 years. Overall, 149 deaths (10.9%) occurred during the study period. The 5-year and 10-year survival probabilities were 89.7% and 88.2%, respectively. In multivariable analysis, significant predictors of mortality included male gender (HR 1.56, 95% CI 1.02-2.40, p=0.042), baseline CD4 count <200 cells/μL (HR 6.85, 95% CI 4.22-11.13, p<0.001), while ARV treatment was protective (HR 0.05, 95% CI 0.03-0.08, p<0.001).

Conclusion: HIV/AIDS patients at Bach Mai Hospital demonstrated excellent long-term survival outcomes with ART. Early initiation of treatment and maintaining higher CD4 counts are crucial for optimal survival. These findings support the importance of early diagnosis and prompt treatment initiation in Vietnamese HIV care settings.

Keywords: HIV/AIDS, antiretroviral therapy, survival analysis, mortality

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